Identifier: KSU:012

Class Display: illustrations

• Class: illustrations (layout feature) [AAT ID: 300015578]

Work Type: lithographs [AAT ID: 300041379]

Title: Scaphiopus solitarius

• Title Type: preferred

Creator display: illustration by J. Sera (Italian, d. 1836, active in America); lithography by George Lehman (American, ca. 1803-1870) for Lehman & Duval Lithographers (American, 1834-1837).

• Role: illustrator [AAT ID: 300025123] ● Sera, J. [KSU-NA01201]
• Role: lithographer [AAT ID: 300025175] ● Lehman, George [ULAN ID: 500085820]
• Role: lithographers [AAT ID: 300025175] ● Lehman & Duval Lithrs. [VIAF ID: 137645556]

Creation Date Display: 1831-1836

• Earliest: 1831 ● Latest: 1836

Subject: amphibians [LCSH ID: 85004598] ● herpetology [LCSH ID: 85060464] ● natural history [LCSH ID: 85090222]

Current Location Display: Joseph F. Cullman 3rd Library of Natural History (Washington, D.C., United States) [KSU-NA1202]

Creation Location: Philadelphia (Pennsylvania, United States) [TGN ID: 7014406]

Materials and Techniques Display: lithograph

• Material: ink ● paper
• Technique: lithograph ● hand-colored

Inscription display: signed lower center: Sera pinx^t / On Stone by G. Lehman / Lehman & Duval Lith. Philad^a

Style: scientific illustrations (images) [AAT ID: 30001559]

Description: A hand-colored lithograph of a Scaphiopus solitarius (now Scaphiopus holbrookii) specimen, commonly known as an Eastern Spadefoot toad. The illustration was originally by J. Sera and the lithograph was created and hand-painted by George Lehman of Lehman & Duval Lithographers of Philadelphia. J. Sera prided himself on a distinctive expressiveness in the subjects of his scientific illustrations, usually conveyed through their eyes. The hand-painted colors are likely taken directly from a live Eastern Spadefoot toad. The lithograph was prepared for John Edward Holbrook’s North American herpetology, or A description of the reptiles inhabiting the United States (1836).

• Description Source: Patterson, D., Thompson, R., & Bryson, J. S. (2008). John Edwards Holbrook. In Early American nature writers : a biographical encyclopedia (pp. 192-200). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. Page: 195.

Related Work:

• Relationship Type: part of
• Holbrook, John Edwards. North American herpetology, or, A description of the reptiles inhabiting the United States. Philadelphia, PA: Dobson, 1836.

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